Department of Urology,
China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.International Journal of Urology, Volume 13, Issue 7: Pages 968-970, July 2006.
Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
BACKGROUND: We examined the external genitalia of 2149 elementary schoolboys in the suburban area of Taichung in Taiwan for an understanding of foreskin development before adolescence.
METHODS: The study's subjects comprised 692 first-grade boys, 725 fourth-grade boys, and 732 seventh-grade boys. The foreskin's condition was classified as: type I (normal prepuce), type II (adhesion of prepuce), type III (partial phimosis), type IV (phimosis) and type V (circumcised foreskin). Other abnormalities of the genitalia also were recorded. All of the examinations were performed by the same urologist.
RESULTS: The incidence of type I foreskin was 8.2% in first-grade boys, 21.0% in fourth-grade boys, and 58.1% in seventh-grade boys. The incidence of type IV foreskin was 17.1% in first-grade boys, 9.7% in fourth-grade boys, and 1.2% in seventh-grade boys. Only one boy had balanoposthitis. Other abnormalities included inguinal hernia (n = 2), hydrocele (n = 12), cryptorchitism (n = 8), varicocele (n = 22), and subcoronal-type hypospadia (n = 1).
CONCLUSIONS: Physiological phimosis declines with age. Most boys with phimosis in this study did not require treatment.
PMID: 16882064 [PubMed- in process]
Received 17 October 2005; accepted 24 January 2006.
Article published online 17 Jul 2006
Affiliations
Department of Urology,
China Medical University Hospital, and School of Medicine,
China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
Correspondence
Shih San Chang md,
Department of Urology,
China Medical University Hospital,
No. 2, Yu-Der Road,
Taichung City 404,
Taiwan.
Email: 
cmuhgu@pchome.com.tw
To cite this article:
HSIEH, TENG-FU, CHANG, CHAOG-HSIAN & CHANG, SHIH-SAN (2006) Foreskin development before adolescence in 2149 schoolboys. International Journal of Urology 13 (7), 968-970.
doi: 10.1111/j.1442-2042.2006.01449.x
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